Scientists discovered that swollen-thorn acacias invested more in ant rewards during a drought, suggesting that mutualistic interactions play a crucial role in the plant’s survival, even during ...

Erol Akçay, a biology professor at Penn, recently conducted a research about mutualism in ecosystems. New research from a Penn professor and a Penn alum shows that mutually beneficial relationships ...

A new North Carolina State University study finds that climate change could be destabilizing the mutualistic relationships between insects and plants. The findings could portend the future fracturing ...

A new North Carolina State University study finds that climate change could be destabilizing the mutualistic relationships between insects and plants. The findings, appearing in the journal Ecology, ...

Although dogs were the first animals to be domesticated by humans, other animals have been cooperating with people in mutually beneficial relationships for over one million years. In one example, in ...

Pseudomyrmex spinicola ants feeding on nectar produced from extrafloral nectaries, located at the base of the leaves of swollen-thorn acacias (Vachellia collinsii). In this obligate mutualistic ...