China’s economy grew more than expected in the last three months of 2024, official data showed on Friday, as it awaits the likely imposition of fresh tariffs by US President-elect Donald Trump, who takes office next week.

China is the US's biggest customer when it comes to agricultural products. President-elect Donald Trump has promised to impose steep tariffs on China in his second term. Many farmers in the American heartland worry China's response could break them.

China’s population has fallen for the third straight year, pointing to further demographic challenges for the world’s second most populous nation that is now facing both an aging population and an emerging shortage of working age people able to support their elders.

The fall came despite a slight rise in births last year, the first increase since 2016. State efforts to cajole women to have children have met resistance.

China's population shrank further in 2024, even though births ticked upward for the first time in seven years.